{"id":484,"date":"2016-04-24T12:55:43","date_gmt":"2016-04-24T10:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/?page_id=484"},"modified":"2020-03-29T20:25:37","modified_gmt":"2020-03-29T18:25:37","slug":"sbor-ve-strasnicich-predstavil-bozi-plany-pro-svet-ticha","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/?page_id=484","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1sady komunikace"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Zde d\u00e1le \u2026.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Posb\u00edrali jsme pro V\u00e1s nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sady pro komunikaci s\u00a0lidmi se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm (nedosl\u00fdchav\u00fdmi, ohluchl\u00fdmi, Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi, lidmi s\u00a0kochle\u00e1rn\u00edm implant\u00e1tem). Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a dovednosti nesta\u010d\u00ed jen tento text,\u00a0i kdy\u017e V\u00e1m bude pomoc\u00ed a n\u00e1vodem do za\u010d\u00e1tku, ale osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enost nelze ni\u010d\u00edm nahradit. Je nutno projevit vst\u0159\u00edcnost a ochotu p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se dorozum\u00edvac\u00edm mo\u017enostem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, zkuste se vc\u00edtit do role sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Va\u0161e trp\u011blivost, porozum\u011bn\u00ed a osobn\u00ed z\u00e1jem jsou p\u0159edpokladem pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed dobr\u00fdch mezilidsk\u00fdch vztah\u016f bez omezen\u00ed komunikace. Hledejme dal\u0161\u00ed cesty a zp\u016fsoby, jak informaci p\u0159edat. Hodn\u011b \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroje pro tento \u010dl\u00e1nek najdete \u2013 nap\u0159.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nrzp.cz\/\">www.nrzp.cz<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tichysvet.cz\/\">www.tichysvet.cz<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ruce.cz\/\">www.ruce.cz<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0atd.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong><u>Z\u00c1SADY pro komunikaci se sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdmi lidmi\u2026<\/u><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong><u>JAK ZA\u010c\u00cdT \u2013 jak za\u010d\u00edt hovor a kontakt?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>P\u0159ed rozhovorem s \u010dlov\u011bkem se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm (nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm, nedosl\u00fdchav\u00fdm nebo ohluchl\u00fdm atd.)\u00a0<strong><u>nav\u00e1\u017eeme o\u010dn\u00ed kontakt.<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Neza\u010d\u00ednejte rozhovor se sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdm, je-li k\u00a0v\u00e1m obr\u00e1cen z\u00e1dy nebo ze strany, po\u010dkejte. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pokud \u010dlov\u011bk nereaguje \u2013 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b je sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fd a nava\u017ete kontakt zrakem a dotykem.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Dbejte na to, aby vid\u011bl zep\u0159edu, \u017ee na n\u011bj mluv\u00edte.<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Pokud se na v\u00e1s ned\u00edv\u00e1, nev\u00ed, \u017ee na n\u011bho mluv\u00edme a co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me, upozorn\u011bte ho t\u0159eba jemn\u00fdm a lehk\u00fdm dotykem na rameno, pa\u017ei nebo p\u0159edlokt\u00ed, \u017ee s n\u00edm chceme hovo\u0159it. Nebojte se.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Zrakov\u00fd kontakt udr\u017eujeme po celou dobu rozhovoru<\/u><\/strong>, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed udr\u017eovat p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm pohledem z\u00a0o\u010d\u00ed do o\u010d\u00ed. Dbejte, aby nebyly zrakov\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky v\u00a0komunikaci, aby bylo na V\u00e1s vid\u011bt a vid\u011bl na v\u00e1\u0161 obli\u010dej \u2013 dokonale osv\u011btlen, nestavte se z\u00e1dy k\u00a0oknu, v\u00e1\u0161 obli\u010dej pak je ve st\u00ednu a nen\u00ed vid\u011bt, co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1te. To je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt na pam\u011bti po celou dobu komunikace \u2013 stoj\u00ed-li z\u00e1dy, ot\u00e1\u010d\u00edte-li se, reagujete na n\u011bkoho, koho sly\u0161\u00edte, odch\u00e1z\u00edte-li do jin\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti, oznamte mu to, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jdete ve tm\u011b, vyp\u00edn\u00e1te \u010di zap\u00edn\u00e1te osv\u011btlen\u00ed, \u010di tak\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te-li ho, aby zav\u0159el o\u010di a spolupracoval \u2013 nap\u0159. u l\u00e9ka\u0159e apod.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>OSOBN\u00cd PREFERENCE \u2013 CO JE LEP\u0160\u00cd \u2013 psan\u00ed, odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, mluven\u00ed, znakov\u00fd jazyk \u010di psan\u00ed?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku nejl\u00e9pe\u00a0<strong><u>zjist\u00edme, jak\u00e9 form\u011b komunikace d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost, a p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00edme se ochotn\u011b<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0jazykov\u00fdm preferenc\u00edm sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka.\u00a0<strong><u>Nen\u00ed zdvo\u0159il\u00e9 p\u0159ed n\u00edm vyjad\u0159ovat pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed, povzdech\u00a0<\/u><\/strong>Komunika\u010dn\u00ed preference jsou u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm jin\u00e9. Je to d\u00e1no v\u00fdvojem a sou\u010dasn\u00fdm stavem sluchu, v\u00fdchovou a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm.\u00a0<strong><u>Zjist\u00edme, zda chce mluvit, odez\u00edrat, ps\u00e1t, nebo pou\u017e\u00edvat znakov\u00fd jazyk.\u00a0Ot\u00e1zku m\u016f\u017eeme i napsat p\u00edsemn\u011b.<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>JAK MLUVIT na sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9 S\u00a0\u00daSP\u011aCHEM?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>P\u0159i rozhovoru se sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem\u00a0<strong><u>mluvte p\u0159irozen\u011b<\/u><\/strong>, vyslovujte z\u0159eteln\u011b, nem\u011b\u0148te rychlost \u0159e\u010di a nezvy\u0161ujte hlas, nek\u0159i\u010dte.\u00a0<strong><u>Je vhodn\u00e9 udr\u017eovat pomalej\u0161\u00ed rytmus \u0159e\u010di, \u010delem k\u00a0osob\u011b, s\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e hovo\u0159\u00edte. P\u0159i hovoru s nedosl\u00fdchav\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem mluv\u00edme nahlas a dob\u0159e artikulujeme. Nesna\u017ete se<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0k\u00a0sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9mu\u00a0<strong><u>p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit se ve snaze, \u017ee V\u00e1m bude v\u00edce rozum\u011bt a l\u00e9pe sly\u0161et V\u00e1\u0161 hlas.<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 zbyte\u010dn\u011b moc nep\u0159eskakovat mezi t\u00e9maty p\u0159i rozhovoru.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159i mluven\u00ed by jednaj\u00edc\u00ed osoba m\u011bla mluvit s \u201epr\u00e1zdn\u00fdmi \u00fasty\u201c, nem\u011bla j\u00edst, p\u00edt, kou\u0159it, \u017ev\u00fdkat. Nepodp\u00edrejte si bradu \u010di ned\u00e1vejte si ruce p\u0159ed \u00fasta,\u00a0<strong><u>zbyte\u010dn\u011b neru\u0161te sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9ho \u201eru\u010dn\u00ed prac\u00ed\u201c p\u0159ed kolem va\u0161\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159e<\/u><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Zajist\u00edme vhodn\u00e9 poslechov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky bez okoln\u00edho hluku<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0pro komunikaci se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00fdm \u2013 je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed vypnout v\u0161echny ru\u0161iv\u00e9 zvuky\u00a0(mobil, r\u00e1dio, televize, hudba, ruchy v pozad\u00ed apod.).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>VCI\u0164TE SE DO JEHO ROLE \u2013 M\u011aJTE RESPEKT \u2013 NEROZUM\u011aN\u00cd? Pak nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m v NESLY\u0160EN\u00cd, ale jinde\u2026<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><strong><u>Pokud je sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk se sly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi osobami ve spole\u010dnosti<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<strong><u>nenech\u00e1vejte jej bez pomoci, dbejte na to, aby se i on mohl z\u00fa\u010dastnit pln\u011b v\u0161eho, co se kolem n\u011bj d\u011bje, rozhovoru.<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Sd\u011blte mu, o \u010dem je \u0159e\u010d, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b\u00a0<strong><u>pou\u017eijte i p\u00edsemn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed. Postarejte se o to, aby dostal v\u0161echny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 sd\u011blen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jste sly\u0161eli.<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Vysv\u011btlete, jakou pomoc a spolupr\u00e1ci po\u017eadujete.\u00a0<u>P\u0159i konverzaci ve skupin\u011b je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edci nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmu t\u00e9ma rozhovoru tak, aby se nec\u00edtil vy\u010dlen\u011bn,<\/u><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Mnohdy ani dob\u0159e sly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed nen\u00ed schopen vn\u00edmat pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace, mluv\u00ed-li v\u00edce lid\u00ed najednou<\/u><\/strong>, nebo je-li rozhovor ru\u0161en hudbou \u010di hlukem. Vn\u00edmat \u0159e\u010d pomoc\u00ed sluchadla a nav\u00edc odez\u00edrat je zna\u010dn\u011b nam\u00e1hav\u00e9. Proto pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, vypn\u011bte v\u0161echny zdroje zvuku a a\u0165 p\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00edch se sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdm mluv\u00ed v\u017edy jen jeden.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Nezapom\u00ednejte ani v\u00a0z\u00e1palu vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 diskuse na to, \u017ee rozhovor vy\u017eaduje od sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9ho pln\u00e9 soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1 brzy \u00fanavu.<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0oddechov\u00fd \u010das p\u0159i d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed r\u00e1di i sly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Pokuste se\u00a0<strong><u>vc\u00edtit do situace sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9ho<\/u><\/strong>. Pak sn\u00e1ze porozum\u00edte jeho pot\u0159eb\u00e1m, n\u011bkdy i jeho p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fdm reakc\u00edm.<\/li>\n<li><u>P\u0159i ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 komunikaci m\u00e1me na pam\u011bti, \u017ee jde o d\u016fsledek sluchov\u00e9ho posti\u017een\u00ed.\u00a0Proto k takov\u00e9mu \u010dlov\u011bku p\u0159istupujeme se stejn\u00fdm respektem a ohledem na d\u016fstojnost jako k \u010dlov\u011bku bez posti\u017een\u00ed.\u00a0<strong>Neprojevujeme netrp\u011blivost, neomezujeme komunikaci, ale sna\u017e\u00edme se naj\u00edt cesty, jak se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b l\u00e9pe dorozum\u00edvat.<\/strong><\/u><\/li>\n<li><u>V pr\u016fb\u011bhu nebo na z\u00e1v\u011br komunikace nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho zdvo\u0159ile po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1me, aby shrnul d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace z rozhovoru.\u00a0<strong>Ujist\u00edme se tak, \u017ee n\u00e1m rozum\u00ed.<\/strong>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dotazy rad\u011bji opakujeme. Lze pou\u017e\u00edt i p\u00edsemnou formu.<\/u><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed-li v\u00e1m alespo\u0148 trochu na mezilidsk\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch, povzbuzujte sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9ho, aby vyu\u017e\u00edval v\u0161echny dostupn\u00e9 kompenza\u010dn\u00ed pom\u016fcky<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0a prost\u0159edky soci\u00e1ln\u00ed rehabilitace, aby mohl rozum\u011bt. I\u00a0<strong><u>v\u00e1\u0161 osobn\u00ed z\u00e1jem napom\u016f\u017ee<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0tomu, aby tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed byla instalov\u00e1na a udr\u017eov\u00e1na v\u00a0provozu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>JAK KOMUNIKOVAT S\u00a0NESLY\u0160\u00cdC\u00cdM, CO M\u00c1 \u00a0TLUMO\u010cN\u00cdKA a znakuje?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"15\">\n<li><strong><u>Pokud v\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 setk\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0\u010dlov\u011bkem, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 znakov\u00fd jazyk, nemluv\u00ed, ide\u00e1ln\u00ed je, pokud si vy nebo on zajist\u00ed tlumo\u010dn\u00edka do znakov\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/u><\/strong><u>\u00a0<strong>Pokud nen\u00ed mo\u017eno, nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 V\u00e1m ne\u017e se n\u011bjak domluvit \u2013 psan\u00edm, pantomimou, gesty, mimikou atd<\/strong>. Zn\u00e1-li jednaj\u00edc\u00ed osoba s\u00a0nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm z\u00e1klady znakov\u00e9ho jazyka \u010di prstov\u00e9 abecedy, m\u011bla by je pou\u017e\u00edvat, je to velmi dobr\u00e9<\/u>.\u00a0<strong><u>Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na tlumo\u010dn\u00edka<\/u><\/strong>, rozhoduje o tom, zda ho pot\u0159ebuje, \u010di nikoliv, a pokud o n\u011bj po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1, m\u011bli bychom se mu sna\u017eit vyj\u00edt vst\u0159\u00edc, pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9.\u00a0<strong><u>Zp\u016fsob komunikace ur\u010duje klient (p\u0159eklad do znakov\u00e9ho jazyka, p\u0159evod do znakovan\u00e9 \u010de\u0161tiny, p\u00edsmo \u010di artikulace).<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Doprov\u00e1z\u00ed-li \u010dlov\u011bka se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm \u2013 Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho tlumo\u010dn\u00edk \u010di jin\u00e1 osoba, v\u017edy oslovujme p\u0159\u00edmo \u010dlov\u011bka, se kter\u00fdm jedn\u00e1me, nikoliv jeho doprovod.<\/u><\/strong><u><\/u>P\u0159i rozhovoru v p\u0159\u00edtomnosti tlumo\u010dn\u00edka nezapom\u00edn\u00e1me oslovovat p\u0159\u00edmo nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho.<u>\u00a0<strong>Nehovo\u0159\u00edme s tlumo\u010dn\u00edkem o nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm jako o objektu<\/strong>\u00a0(nikdy nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me fr\u00e1ze \u201e\u0158ekn\u011bte mu, \u017ee\u2026\u201c, \u201eZeptejte se p\u00e1na, jestli\u2026\u201c).\u00a0<\/u>P\u0159i tlumo\u010den\u00e9m rozhovoru s nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm se d\u00edv\u00e1me na n\u011bj, oslovujeme jeho, jemu pod\u00e1v\u00e1me dokumenty, neobrac\u00edme se na tlumo\u010dn\u00edka nebo jin\u00fd doprovod nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho, je vhodn\u00e9, aby se c\u00edtili plnohodnotn\u011b p\u0159i komunikaci s V\u00e1mi.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>P\u0159i rozhovoru udr\u017eujeme o\u010dn\u00ed kontakt p\u0159\u00edmo s nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm, nikoliv s tlumo\u010dn\u00edkem. Stoj\u00edme \u010di sed\u00edme tak, abychom nem\u011bli sv\u011btlo za z\u00e1dy (na\u0161e \u00fasta jsou ve st\u00ednu) a aby nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmu nesv\u00edtilo sv\u011btlo do o\u010d\u00ed.<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Pro komunikaci s\u00a0nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm je dobr\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvat v\u00fdrazy obli\u010deje a gesta rukou<\/u><\/strong><strong>.<\/strong>\u00a0P\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v je pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jako jejich p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Znakov\u00fd jazyk je jeho mate\u0159sk\u00fd jazyk a nevhodn\u00e9 d\u00e1vat najevo pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed jeho jazyku, \u00farovn\u00ed vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ve znakov\u00e9m jazyku.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Tlumo\u010dn\u00edk p\u0159i tlumo\u010den\u00ed stoj\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u011b vedle sly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho. Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk pot\u0159ebuje m\u00edt v zorn\u00e9m poli sou\u010dasn\u011b tlumo\u010dn\u00edka i osobu, se kterou jedn\u00e1.<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Na konci ka\u017ed\u00e9ho ucelen\u00e9ho sd\u011blen\u00ed ud\u011bl\u00e1me pauzu a zept\u00e1me se, jestli v\u0161emu rozum\u011bl.<u>\u00a0<strong>P\u0159i tlumo\u010den\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k mal\u00e9mu \u010dasov\u00e9mu posunu.<\/strong><\/u><\/li>\n<li><u>Pokud jednaj\u00edc\u00ed osoba nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmu nerozum\u00ed,\u00a0<strong>je vhodn\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1dat nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho, aby zpomalil nebo v\u011btu zopakoval<\/strong><\/u><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Na konci hovoru se nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho zept\u00e1me, zda nepot\u0159ebuje n\u011bco up\u0159esnit<\/u><\/strong><u>\u00a0nebo n\u011bjak\u00e9 informace napsat.<\/u>\u00a0Nab\u00eddneme mu mo\u017enost spojen\u00ed, kdyby v budoucnu n\u011bco pot\u0159eboval. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b email a mobiln\u00ed telefon s mo\u017enost\u00ed komunikovat p\u0159es SMS.\u00a0<strong><u>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dotazy rad\u011bji opakujeme a nev\u00e1h\u00e1me ani pou\u017e\u00edt p\u00edsemnou formu.<\/u><\/strong><u><\/u>U nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f znakov\u00e9ho jazyka je v\u017edy bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a lep\u0161\u00ed m\u00edt tlumo\u010dn\u00edka, nebo si na n\u011bj po\u010dkat.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>PSAN\u00cd \u2013 NEJLEP\u0160\u00cd N\u00c1PAD?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"23\">\n<li><strong><u>Komunikace \u201ep\u0159es pap\u00edr\u201c s\u00a0nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi je v\u011bt\u0161inou ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1<\/u><\/strong>. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se narodili jako nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed nebo ztratili sluch v ran\u00e9m v\u011bku, nemaj\u00ed dostate\u010dnou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu, tak\u017ee psan\u00fd projev pro n\u011b neznamen\u00e1 \u00falevu, ale naopak velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Nav\u00edc je to zdlouhav\u00e9. \u010cesk\u00fd jazyk nen\u00ed jejich mate\u0159sk\u00fdm jazykem, nikdy jej nesly\u0161eli a neu\u010dili se jemu p\u0159irozen\u00fdm poslechem d\u00edky sluchu. S\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdm jazykem se mus\u00edm pracn\u011b seznamovat ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm procesu a maj\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00edm probl\u00e9m cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Jin\u00e1 situace je v\u00a0p\u00edsemn\u00e9m kontaktu s\u00a0nedosl\u00fdchav\u00fdmi nebo ohluchl\u00fdmi jedinci \u010di v\u00a0kontaktu se star\u0161\u00edmi lidmi, kte\u0159\u00ed pozd\u011bji ztratili sluch<\/u><\/strong>. V\u00a0mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech skoro nepozn\u00e1te, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 probl\u00e9m se sluchem. V\u0161e je velmi individu\u00e1ln\u00ed. Na stavu sluchu je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 znalost mate\u0159sk\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Velmi vhodn\u00e9 je pou\u017e\u00edvat a vyu\u017e\u00edvat\u00a0<\/u><\/strong>\u2013 p\u0159epis mluven\u00e9ho slova, z\u00e1pis \u2013 zapisovatele. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed ztratili sluch pozd\u011bji tuto formu velmi ocen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Pokud chceme, abychom mohli b\u00fdt \u00fa\u010dastni i lid\u00e9 se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00fdm je velmi dobr\u00e9 myslet na titulky, p\u0159epis do mluven\u00e9ho slova, v\u0161ude tam, kde nemohou sly\u0161et.<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>ODEZ\u00cdR\u00c1N\u00cd \u2013 RYCHLEJ\u0160\u00cd, SNADN\u011aJ\u0160\u00cd A JEDNODU\u0160\u0160\u00cd? NE NE NE! Hlavn\u011b jak a s\u00a0k\u00fdm?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"27\">\n<li><strong><u>Odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed bez pomoci sluchu nen\u00ed spolehliv\u00e1 metoda vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed mluven\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di, doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00ed \u010dasto k omyl\u016fm. Odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed proto pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed nep\u0159edstavuje \u00falevu<\/u><\/strong><strong>.<\/strong>\u00a0Je zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed je pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed z\u0159eteln\u00e9 pouze z 30-40%.<\/li>\n<li><u>\u00dasp\u011b\u0161nost odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed je velmi sn\u00ed\u017eena p\u0159i fyzick\u00e9 \u010di psychick\u00e9 nepohod\u011b.\u00a0<\/u><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Odez\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed osob\u011b pom\u00e1h\u00e1, kdy\u017e p\u0159edem j\u00ed sd\u011bl\u00edme t\u00e9ma hovoru.<\/u><\/strong><u>\u00a0Odez\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edmu p\u0159edem sd\u011bl\u00edme t\u00e9ma hovoru, o kter\u00e9m budete hovo\u0159it. T\u00e9ma bezd\u016fvodn\u011b nem\u011bn\u00edme. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nerozum\u00ed, ochotn\u011b vysv\u011btlujete, co je pot\u0159eba.<\/u><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Pamatujme \u2013 \u017ee v\u017edy mus\u00edme mluvit k\u00a0n\u00ed obr\u00e1ceni \u010delem k n\u00ed, na\u0161e tv\u00e1\u0159 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt osv\u011btlena, nesm\u00edme pohybovat hlavou nebo si zakr\u00fdvat \u00fasta. Pokud n\u00e1s nevid\u00ed, tak nev\u00ed, co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me.<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Db\u00e1me na z\u0159etelnou v\u00fdslovnost a mluv\u00edme voln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm tempem p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho rytmu \u0159e\u010di. Mluv\u00edme plynule, spr\u00e1vnou artikulac\u00ed, bez j\u00eddla \u010di \u017ev\u00fdka\u010dky, neslabikujeme.\u00a0Zd\u016fraz\u0148ujeme kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova.\u00a0<strong><u>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby opakujeme sd\u011blen\u00ed jin\u00fdmi slovy.<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/p>\n<p><strong>PRO JISTOTU \u2013 OPRAVDU JSME SI ROZUM\u011aLI? \u2013 zkontrolujte si to &#x1f642;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"32\">\n<li><strong><u>Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 posti\u017een\u00fd partner v\u0161emu dob\u0159e rozum\u011bl.<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace opakujte bez nervozity, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pozm\u011b\u0148te stavbu v\u011bty nebo pou\u017eijte jin\u00e1 slova.<\/li>\n<li><u>Pokud chceme z\u00edskat zp\u011btnou vazbu a uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed na\u0161emu sd\u011blen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b porozum\u011bl<\/u>, nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pt\u00e1t se, zda porozum\u011bl, ale polo\u017eit ot\u00e1zku \u201eCo jste mi rozum\u011bl?\u201c.<\/li>\n<li><u>Ob\u010das po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1me, aby n\u00e1m \u010dlov\u011bk se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm sv\u00fdmi slovy sd\u011blil, co n\u00e1m rozum\u011bl\u00a0(nikdy se nept\u00e1me, zda n\u00e1m rozum\u011bl). Pt\u00e1me se z\u00e1sadn\u011b v\u017edy po ka\u017ed\u00e9m d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9m sd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/u><\/li>\n<li><u>Nezapom\u00ednejte \u2013 pokud se komunikace neda\u0159\u00ed, nem\u00e1me z\u00a0n\u00ed dobr\u00fd pocit, ani sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fd, m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee d\u016fvodem je a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sluchov\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00ed.\u00a0<strong>Proto se k\u00a0\u010dlov\u011bku se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm chov\u00e1me s \u00factou, respektujeme jeho d\u016fstojnost. Nejsme netrp\u011bliv\u00ed, neomezujeme komunikaci, naopak hled\u00e1me dal\u0161\u00ed cesty, jak mu informace p\u0159edat.\u00a0<\/strong><\/u><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>JSME STVO\u0158ENI PRO KOMUNIKACI \u2013 I N\u00c1\u0160 B\u016eH S\u00a0N\u00c1MI CHCE KOMUNIKOVAT A M\u00c1 N\u00c1S R\u00c1D! &#x1f642;<\/strong><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zde d\u00e1le \u2026. Posb\u00edrali jsme pro V\u00e1s nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sady pro komunikaci s\u00a0lidmi se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm (nedosl\u00fdchav\u00fdmi, ohluchl\u00fdmi, Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi, lidmi s\u00a0kochle\u00e1rn\u00edm implant\u00e1tem). Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a dovednosti nesta\u010d\u00ed jen tento text,\u00a0i kdy\u017e V\u00e1m bude pomoc\u00ed a n\u00e1vodem do za\u010d\u00e1tku, ale osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enost nelze ni\u010d\u00edm nahradit. Je nutno projevit vst\u0159\u00edcnost a ochotu p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se dorozum\u00edvac\u00edm mo\u017enostem &#8230; <a title=\"Z\u00e1sady komunikace\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/?page_id=484\" aria-label=\"\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce o Z\u00e1sady komunikace\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":17,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-484","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=484"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/484\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1181,"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/484\/revisions\/1181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neslysici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}